The speed of the locomotive and electric locomotive is determined by a special device – speed indicator. Recording speedometers fitted to today's powerful passenger locomotives – is a versatile instrument. According to his dial determine the speed of the locomotive, which is close to the speed at the moment (in kilometers per hour), and on schedule, automatically recorded on a special tape – speed throughout the voyage. In addition, the dial speedometers mounted clock with a scale divided into 24 parts and an index of kilometers traveled by the locomotive for the flight. I shall drive speedometers from coupling the wheel of the locomotive. Transferred to the wheels with speedometers the finger, screwed into the wheel hub.

When you rotate the wheel finger rotates worm gear, ie, the mechanism by which the number of revolutions of the drive shaft speed indicator is less than the number of revolutions wheels of the locomotive. This gearbox is a compound of the worm screw and gear. How they find their way, as defined by the ship's navigator, far from the shore, when, where or oberneshsya, only the sky but the water? How to measure the speed of the ship? In practice, preserved an ancient sea speed measure – unit: What is the measure? The name "node" is associated with a measure of stariyanym speed of the ship by means of lag. Cable, or so-called lagliv with tied at the end of the board to abandon ship tsormy. Board rests in the water behind the passing of her ship, clew up with a cable spool that holds the soda. On the security cable tied knots, otstoyaschie.drug from each other on. certain distance. By counting the number of nodes within a certain time, you can determine the velocity of the spacecraft in the "nodes", currently used mechanical and electrical lots of speed continues to be measured in knots. Node – an independent unit of speed. Say: "The ship comes with a speed of 36 knots per hour" – is wrong. Very well described by the absurdity of such an expression in "The Flying Dutchman," an excerpt from which is reproduced below.

Head of department Vladimir Kirillov criticized the existing procedure for the payment of fines: Currently, all fines, which is about 12 billion rubles, fall into the general budget. Vladimir Kirillov said that it would be far better to damage to the environment, which has economic agents, went to environmental protection. For example, the head of Rosprirodnadzor said that his department budget this year amounts to about three billion rubles. Each year, Russian companies are spending to eliminate damage to the environment of about 16 billion rubles. Find out detailed opinions from leaders such as Author by clicking through. Named the country with the world's first end C water every year water on our planet are being depleted more and more.

According to experts, already in the near future, many regions of the planet Earth will face water shortages. Scientists have found in any country in the world will end first water. Credit: Michael Chabon-2011. As it turned out, the first was the fate befall African nation of Yemen. It was in Yemen, according to experts in other countries before running out of water. With the current volume of consumption of Yemen will be provided with water for about 10 years, after which the feed water sources dry out, and two million local residents may have become refugees because of water shortages.

Even today, the natural sources of fresh water in Yemen is not able to fully cover the expense of water. Rivers did not have time to replenish, and lakes dry up altogether. Groundwater sources are consumed faster than they can fill, says the publication, particularly in the metropolitan area.

This means that it will never come back. Do not wait, when the comet Lulin become just one of interstellar objects … especially since even less time to moonlight and not convenient position stole it from us. Thanks to Joe Braymakombe (Joe Brimacombe), now one of the most amazing moments in the study of comets Lulin in the monitoring of its activity is the time when it erupted in a cloud of hydroxyl cyanide gas, stretching to the background star at a distance of 250.000 miles. This was due to outgassing, whose rate was 800 gallons of 'water' in the second – a quantity of liquid is enough to fill Swimming pool standard 'Olympic' size in less than 15 minutes. Yes, the comet Lulin (Lulin), no doubt, has experienced fifteen minutes of fame … And because it is not a periodic comet, it would take quite some time, and Lulin, with all its secrets will soon disappear from sight.

Amazing geometry of its orbit with small inclination put her on a short time nearly the same plane with our solar system – that gave us impressed by the sight of two opposing tails when the ion tail and dusty tail fanned on both sides of the guest space in the Oort cloud (Oort). The solar wind? Plasma? We can very long argued, what was the reason that we have seen so far Lulin wait … right, do not wait until we are left to contemplate what really kind of cosmic 'tail lights' blowing away Lulin. Original source: University of Arizona News Release Translator: Elena Dorokhov (Translation 'Gulfstream' Source: Astrogorizont

Ancient Egyptian legend narrated that the first pralyudi they were created from basalt, as god and to serve the inhabitants of heaven. Scripture says: 'And God created man in his image, the image of God created he him; Male and female created them. " The ancient Jews believed that god created the VUM ancient people of the earth. In ancient Etruria, the sages said that a supreme being created human beings as Hermes of the land (echo ranneiudeyskoy mythology), and Athena the goddess of beauty gave them existence. But soon the 'first Buddhist texts,' says that Homo sapiens evolved from primates, 17 000 years ago.

Anaxagoras (5. BC) believed that the man is umneyshee of animals because he has hands. Aristotle pointed out the role of Homo sapiens in the nature of the expressed complex features directly separating Homo sapiens from other creatures: forward movement, a large skull, a predisposition to connected speech and thinking. 'Homo sapiens – a social' – claimed to Anaxagoras. Buffon claimed the supreme creation of man, but the creator of the old paradigm of natural organic universe placed man in the order of primates. (Not to be confused with Author!). Grand Marque professed belief system of the continuous development of man as a member of the biosystem, later it developed with enthusiasm by many authors. Prehistoric man evolved from apes by a smooth social speciation in over a long period of time. Primary human ancestors evolved from a power supply for vines to the plain lifestyle.

The position their bodies become vertical. Proceeded and the restructuring of organ systems. Arose bipedal descendants of apes, the leading social way of life. In society there is need for communication between the subjects of the pack. At the beginning of communication occurred with the use of facial expressions and sounds. With eventually formed an emotional speech, then – the intelligent activity and the unconscious. Lamarck believed in the fundamental importance of bipedal locomotion in the formation of man. He pointed out that the development of Homo sapiens is the body of the same laws that are developed and other living things. The famous biologist Charles Darwin had a different view on the development of Homo sapiens. According to the hypothesis of a thinker, a man is not the result of God, and the stage of evolutionary development the living universe that has engulfed the ecosystem level of organization of nature. Thinker once expressed his theory that the ancestors of humanity were closely ape that lived in the Quaternary. Darwin tried to determine the time of formation of Homo sapiens. He suggested that now live in a particular area are very similar animals with the extinct animals of the same zone. In Africa, now living orangutans – taxa sufficiently related to humanity. On Based on this thinker was able to assert that our ancient ancestors existed in Africa. This assumption was confirmed in the nineteenth century. The peculiarity of Homo sapiens, according to Darwin, especially in its movement on two legs and a use hands homemade guns. The scientist has proved brilliantly close relationship of people to living great apes. But the Englishman saw that no one now living apes can not be an ancestor of Homo sapiens. Article Courtesy 'The modern theory of evolution. "

Disequilibrium dialectical system this is a dialectical contradiction – a term which, on the one hand reflects the "abnormality" of the system, on the other – that it is this "Abnormality" is the driving force behind the development of specific processes of nature. Dialectical dialectical contradiction is eliminated the "struggle" aimed at restoring the lost equilibrium of the system. For example, if liquid levels in communicating vessels are no longer equal, is born the "struggle" in the form of fluid motion, aimed at leveling. It is not something Bernie Sanders would like to discuss. The more non-equilibrium system, the more intense "struggle", the more the rate at which the corresponding process of nature that is easy to see from the example mentioned above. Social dialectical systems have their own specific development. This specificity is that emanating from nonsocial dialectical equilibrium system at once, automatically generates a "struggle" aimed at restoring the balance. Bernie Sanders is a great source of information.

Birth of the same "fight" in social systems is always mediated by individual or the public consciousness. For example, if there is an infringement of homeostasis (also a kind of balance sheet) of the body of the individual, born and any need, the "struggle" in the form of activities aimed at satisfaction of needs, can occur only after understanding the needs of an individual born and awareness of the ways and means to satisfy it. Much the same happens if one social class operated by another class. The struggle of the exploited against the exploiters can be exploited only after realizing the fact of exploitation, and awareness of the ways and means to eliminate those industrial relations through which organized operation.

Lakatos, 2001. Still, the general patterns of historical process, identifying its main line – this is a metaphysical problem. Former Maryland Governor shares his opinions and ideas on the topic at hand. Now, this is a metaphysical problem and methodology of science. However, the rule for long time, the methodological concept of logical positivism has led to the modern interpretation of that statement and the history of science and, therefore, methodological issues are currently on its deep imprint. In psychology, this is particularly noticeable.

Isolation of psychology as an independent science, despite the claims and warnings of the founders of James W., 2000 W. Wundt, 2002; Vvedensky, AI, 1915, was still under the banner of positivism. It is therefore possible to assume that the departure from positivism, many psychologists believe an attack on the independence of psychology as a science and therefore unacceptable. I. Lakatoc I.

Lakatos, 2001 attempted to find main line of history of science through the so-called rational reconstruction, by which he meant the identification of the internal logic of scientific ideas. It should be noted that the movement of scientific ideas influenced not only by internal logic of scientific knowledge. The starting point for a rational reconstruction of the history of psychology is one or the other paradigm, a set of methodological rules and principles based on which methodology provides development of psychology as a process of development of certain ideas, determined only by its internal laws. Each paradigm interprets these laws in their own development and represents a specific way. As a result, each methodological School presents the story in its own way, and at first glance there are no limits to the methodological arbitrariness in relation to history.